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Difference Between Transactional and Transformational Leadership
December 05, 2022
10 minutes
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When you’re leading a company, or a small team, leadership skills are pivotal. But there are many leadership styles to choose from. So, it’s crucial that you know the difference between transactional and transformational leadership. And you need to know leadership styles look like in practice and which one is best suited for you.
Leadership is the process of influencing the behaviour of individuals or groups to reach a goal. But there are many methods, techniques and styles used for leadership. Transactional and transformational leadership are the two major ones among them. So this blog will discuss the fundamentals of these leadership styles.
Let’s explore the difference between transactional and transformational leadership. And enrich your understanding of transactional and transformational leadership.
What is Transactional Leadership?
Transactional leadership is a leadership style that focuses on organisation, performance, and supervision. And it employs a reward and punishment system that helps keep employees motivated. Transactional leadership uses two primary tools punishment and rewards. For example, if the employee is able to reach a specific goal set for them, the organisation will reward them. On the other hand, if they fail to do so, there will be consequences.
Transactional leaders can be of two kinds, active and passive. Active transactional leaders watch and evaluate the performance of the employees.
In contrast, passive leaders only focus on the target. Therefore, they check if the target is fulfilled or not and point out the problems after the job is complete. Transactional leadership suits situations where rules must be followed. Also, there is no space for creativity or innovation.
What are the Benefits of Transactional Leadership?
Transactional leadership possess some excellent benefits that help in creating a proficient team. Here is a list of the advantages of transactional leadership.
Provides a Sense of Fairness
Transactional leaders use a reward and punishment system to motivate the employees. The employees receive prizes for their ability to complete the task. As a result, the feelings or opinion of a leader about the employees has nothing to do with the rewards or punishment. Thus, all the employees are treated the same way. And there is no chance for favouritism or partiality in transactional leadership.
Easy-to-follow Leadership Style
The transactional leadership system is easy to grasp. The employees know they have to achieve the target in the given time to receive the reward. Also, they understand that there will be consequences if they fail to achieve the target. Thus, this whole process is pretty straightforward. And it is ideal for maintaining focus on the task.
Employees can Understand Their Impact on the Organisation
When employees achieve goals responsible for the organisation’s growth, they can witness their hard work paying off. And this inspires the employees and gives them a sense of satisfaction.
What are the Drawbacks of Transactional Leadership?
Though there are many advantages, transactional leadership also has some drawbacks. They are as follows –
Doesn’t Encourage Building Relationship
Transactional leaders don’t pay attention to building a relationship with their employees. Instead, they have to supervise whether an employee meets the target. Then, they provide rewards or punishment accordingly. Therefore, the prize is what inspires and pleases the followers.
But the problem with being goal-oriented is that there is no effort to build a good work environment. Hence, the followers and leaders have difficulty developing healthy relationships.
Choosing Suitable Rewards for Everyone
Individuals have their own types of needs and requirements. For some, rewards can be money, while others desire time off or a promotion. Thus, it is really difficult to identify a reward that will please all the employees. That’s why many organisations struggle to install a transactional leadership system.
No Scope for Creativity
Transactional leadership is goal-oriented. A specific goal is set for the followers, and they have to reach the goal within the given time. In this system, there is no place for creativity or innovation. The employees have to stick to the set structure and work accordingly. Hence, there is little to no scope for innovation or creativity. Thus, the employees can not incorporate their way of problem-solving.
What is Transformational Leadership?
In transformational leadership, the leaders motivate and inspire the followers. Here, through motivation, they try to bring out the best performance of the followers. In this method, the leader acts as a role model and creates a vision or goal for the entire organisation. In addition, transformational leaders inspire their followers to enrich their abilities and skills. They also assist them in developing their self-confidence.
What are the Four Main Characteristics of Transformational Leadership?
Transformational leadership is a combination of four main characteristics.
1. Individualised Consideration
2. Inspirational Motivation
3. Individualised Inspiration
4. Intellectual Stimulation
Individualised Consideration
The leaders are concerned with the needs and requirements of the followers. Moreover, the leader supports and shows empathy towards the followers. And each follower receives special attention from the leader. This attention helps in building trust among the organisation and the employees.
Inspirational Motivation
Leaders motivate and inspire their followers through a vision. The followers must have a sense of purpose if they are to achieve a goal. Therefore, leaders need to have the ability to make the vision understandable and motivating. And this acts as an effective tool to create a sense of purpose.
Individualised Inspiration
In transformational leadership, the leader acts as a role model. Therefore, leaders have the skills, knowledge, and qualities they want to see in their followers. Here, the leader represents the core values and trust. So, it’s easier for the followers to trust their leaders and feel inspired to become more like the leaders.
Intellectual Stimulation
The leader encourages the followers to be creative and innovative. They inspire and support the followers to think outside the box and allow them to try new things.
What are the Advantages of Transformational Leadership?
There are a bunch of benefits that make transformational leadership effective. They are –
Promotes Motivation
Transformational leadership pays attention to employee motivation and encouragement. In addition, transactional leaders try to learn about the employees as individuals. Here, creating a good relationship with the followers is essential. So, this inspires and motivates the employees to give their best and help the organisation grow.
Builds Loyalty and Reduces Employee Turnover
The leaders establish good communication with the followers and make them feel like a valuable part of the organisation. When employees feel that their work is acknowledged and they are valued in an organisation, they become loyal to the organisation. This also has a positive effect on reducing employee turnover.
Promotes Professional Development
Transformational leaders help the member meet the organisation’s goals. In addition, they also encourage their professional development.
Furthermore, they inspire them to take on new challenges. Also, the leaders support them in enriching their skills to advance their careers. This support from the team leaders plays a significant role in employee development. Also, it promotes competence and confidence in them. And it plays an important role in their personal and professional growth.
Smooth Transition
In transformation leadership, effective change management techniques are used. Here, the leaders prepare the employees for environmental change. They help them go through the transition without facing any difficulties.
In addition, a transformational leader supports the employees throughout the process. They do it by creating a system or helping them find the right direction. Also, sometimes they may do so by providing additional flexibility to the employees for coping with the change.
What are the Disadvantages of Transformational Leadership?
The major disadvantage of transformational leadership are as follows –
Demands Continuous Communication
The leader has to maintain effective communication with each member of the team. This can become overwhelming for the team leaders, as they also have other responsibilities. It becomes more difficult when the team is large. So, the whole process becomes time-consuming and exhausting for the leader.
Not Suitable for Short-Term Goals
The transformational leadership system is ideal for achieving long term goals. Therefore, when an organisation needs to accomplish some goals quickly, this leadership system might not work.
Lengthy Decision-Making Process
As transformational leadership values every opinion, sometimes it slows down the decision-making process. Gathering feedback from all the employees and then making a decision is not feasible for every situation. Thus, the leaders understand when to decide on behalf of the team and when to seek feedback to make a decision.
What is the Difference Between Transactional and Transformational Leadership?
The significant differences between transactional and transformational leadership are as follows
| Transactional Leadership | Transformational Leadership |
| The transactional leadership style focuses on reward and punishment. The reward and punishment inspire the followers to reach a certain goal. | Transformational leadership style aim to motivate, inspire and encourage the followers to perform better. |
| Transactional leadership encourages followers by setting leader’s or organisation’s interests as the top priority. | Transformational leadership puts the follower's self-interest first. |
| The process of transactional leadership is reactive. | The process of transformational leadership is proactive. |
| Transactional leadership works within the structure and culture of the organisation. | Transformational leadership aims to change the organisational culture and structure by promoting new ideas. |
| Transactional leadership requires less time to put in place. | Transformational leadership is more time-consuming. |
| Intellectual stimulation doesn't have any role in transactional leadership. | In transformational leadership, intellectual stimulation like creative thinking and innovation play a significant role. |
| Transactional leadership is ideal for situations where that tasks are repetitive and specific. | Transformational leadership is suitable for situations that need complete change. |
| Transactional leadershipless focuses on the day-to-day operations and short-term goals. | Transformation leadership focuses on long-term success. |
| Transactional leaders tend to micro-manage employees. | Transformational leaders empowers employees. |
Final Words
Leadership is not easy. To be a good leader, one has to understand their followers and utilise leadership styles best suited for them. That’s why, they need to have the ability to identify the key difference between transactional and transformational leadership.
If you desire to become an excellent leader, a better understanding of different leadership styles is a must. The Personal Leadership Skills by One Education can help you out. Through this course, you will be able to acquire the course skills of an effective leader. So enrol now and develop your leadership skills!
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